How Many Pages Make a Novel?

That question just arrived in my email, and it's a good one. The answer is: It depends.

Some publishers, especially in genres like romance, have requirements as uniform as a muffin tin: Each manuscript will be long enough to fill a book of exactly so many pages. Others are far more flexible.

In the days of the typewriter, a double-spaced page with 1-inch margins would hold an average of 250 words. So you could assume that since 4 pages = 1000 words, 240 pages = 60,000 words, which was the typical length for most mainstream and mystery novels.

Then came the personal computer and the writer's own choice of typeface and point size.

This threw the old estimate right out the window, but word processors of course give us a precise word count—and word count is what most publishers are interested in.

The number of words in a novel will vary depending on the genre. A young-adult novel will run between 20,000 and 40,000 words. That would be the length of a novella in mainstream fiction.

Many genres seem to have succumbed to supersizing. A mass-market western, mystery or SF novel used to run to 60,000-70,000 words. Now they're more likely to hit 90,000 words. Fantasy novels seem to be about 125,000 words—per volume, with some series going on and on. Mainstream fiction can be anywhere from 55,000 words (about the length of many mass-market romances) to ten times that.

And how many pages will your published book have? Again, book design and typesetting can influence the total. I've noticed a lot of hardback mainstream fiction lately with text that's really double-spaced, with generous margins: clearly the author handed in a short manuscript, and the publisher is trying to puff it up into something that looks worth the price.

Mass-market paperbacks don't seem to have changed their design much, however, and I've noticed that a typical page of a paperback novel will run around 440 words...not quite the equivalent of two double-spaced manuscript pages. My novel Eyas was just about exactly 500 pages long in manuscript, and came out in print at 354 pages.

If you're working in a genre like SF or romance, it's always a good idea to visit the websites of genre publishers to see what length they want. If you go to Harlequin and browse through their FAQs, you'll see that different romance series require much different lengths, from 50,000 words to twice that.

For you this is a craft, maybe even an art. For them, it's an assembly-line business. If you're J. K. Rowling or Stephen King, you can tell your publishers how long your next novel will be, and they will tug their corporate forelock, thank you very much, and plan accordingly. But lowly scribes like you and me are unlikely to enjoy such freedom.

Comments

[Patrick]

Thanks for the answer.

[philip oyok]

What is the overall meaning of the word "Contemporary Literature"?

[Dave]

I am currently writing a Sci Fi book as there is very little good books in this section in the market place, I have various contact in the film industry that want to show my script to producers however i believe it would be better published as a book in the first instance. (one its a film i can sell books sure but believe its better for people to say, 'hey that was justlike the book', or 'it was not like the book at all')
If this book is inteneded to end up as a film how many words would i needs in my script (currently have 32,500)

[Archly Insignificant]

Hey, Philip, Patrick and Dave and to all the voyeurs.

Yes,

There is very little quality content within the Science Fiction genre -- so I hear.

It's an area which, I feel, may pick up within a year or two (watch the pattern of the eighties).

So I espy that everyone's an aspiring novelist here?

Fantastic.

Mine is currently at 1002 pages -- in the aforementioned and often tedious manuscript form, of course.

*Awaits his applause*

*Is then the recipient of a kick in the cracker jacks*

The life of a novellist, eh?

[Benjamin Solah]

Great article. This question is so often thrown around, but you handled it brilliantly.

[Carla Robinson]

Hi, I have written a book and am trying to find out what category it falls into. Is it a novel or novella?

Right now, I have 33,000 words. It is a horror/thriller.

What do you think?

[Crawford Kilian]

These terms are a bit fuzzy, Carla, but at 33,000 words I'd say it was a novella (30,000-40,000 words) rather than a novelette (15,000-30,000 words). From 40,000 to 60,000 you've got a short novel.

Then the question is: Can you find a market for a horror/thriller novella? In the days of the pulp magazines, you probably could have. Maybe a few such markets survive, but I don't know them at all.

[Carla Robinson]

Thanks for the answer.

[Sarah]

I am a young...writer, i guess you would call it, in the midst of writing what I hope to publish as a novell. Upon finishing it, it is only approximately 9,000 words though, and that of course is way too short for a novell.

What do you suggest adding to lengthen it?

if you have time and would like to read what I've got so far you can here: http://www.xanga.com/remindmewhyiamwriting

i would appreciate some advice on this, thank you

[Crawford Kilian]

Sarah, send me your email address (just click on "Email me" in the upper left column of this site), and tell me what you hope to achieve from your story about Lyrica. Maybe then I can give you some useful advice.

[Jeremy]

I am finishing up a story that looks to be only about 20-25000 words. Would this then be a short story? And what can I do as far as publishing for such a short story?
Is there a market for a book of this length, and what is that market like?
Thanks!

[Sharon J]

From what I've heard, they still count "white space" here in the UK. In other words, the old 250 words per page system using Courier 12px. ~Sharon

[Crawford Kilian]

Jeremy, your story sounds like a novelette. Once upon a time when pulp magazines ruled the earth, the pulps were a serious market for such fiction. Now it would be very hard to sell something this length except (maybe) to an anthology of original stories.

Such anthologies sometimes accept work from unknown/unpublished writers, but they seem to prefer well-known writers. Wish I could be more encouraging.

[Tiffany]

I have wrote a book. It contains 191 pages without double space. How many pages do you think I will have if it was double spaced?

[Crawford Kilian]

A double-spaced version would run between 380 and 400 pages, Tiffany. It would depend slightly on a couple of factors.

Normally each chapter starts on a new page, so some pages might be shorter than average. Also, it's a good idea not to split paragraphs between pages if it means only one line of the paragraph will appear on a particular page.

So if you've got a five-line paragraph with one line at the bottom of page 60, and four lines at the top of page 61, push the whole paragraph over to page 61. Editors find this easier to read and proofread.

[carol goodman]

I am writing a fiction novel in the "I" form. Does the prologue have to be written in the same form?
Thanks
Carol

[Crawford Kilian]

Not at all. The prologue can be third person, second person, whatever. In Bleak House, Dickens uses first-person past tense for part of the story, told by Esther Summerson, and third-person present tense for the rest, told by a nameless omniscient narrator.

[Elisa Young]

I have a great passion for writing fiction and am starting what I'd like to be a short novel now. I've seen the terms, "novelle" and "novelette" thrown around. How long does my book have to be for either and what do publishers have a demand for now? Please advise. Thank you in advance!
Elisa

[Crawford Kilian]

I'm not familiar with the term "novelle," and I've explained "novelette" in the original post.

In the fields I know about (SF and fantasy), novelettes don't have much of a market—unless you're a well-established author compiling a collection. Ursula K. Le Guin can put together a couple of novelettes with some short stories and offer a very worthwhile book. It's not likely to happen with an unknown.

The sole exceptions: Maybe you could sell a 25,000-word novelette to one of the few remaining genre magazines, or to the editor of a "theme" anthology.

[Diana Morris]

I have a fiction novellet approx 21,000 words. Love story that involves domestic violence. For what I am reading I need to add to this book. Correct?

[Crawford Kilian]

Correct. Figure on at least 60,000 words before the story can interest a publisher. And that doesn't mean padding--it means adding real meat and bone to the story.

The first draft of my novel Icequake was really 30,000 words plus another 30,000 of irrelevant material I threw in because I didn't (yet) know to make my main story long enough. When it got rejected, I got a grip on myself, junked the padding, and ended up with a reasonably good story at the required length.

[Diana Morris]

I have recently been introduced to a company that soul purpose is to be an agent for authors, screen writers etc.
Is this necessary? I mean they are asking 15-25% of profits and if the book becomes a film they want profits from that also. Can I bypass them and go to the publisher myself? The agent does very little editing, which is something I would need. So I am not sure how they would benefit me. Other than submitting my manuscript to publishers and marketing perhaps.
Would self publishing be the a better option and then hope a publisher will pick it up later?

[Gregory Twery]

I've written a complete manuscript of roughly 70,000 words. In addition, I've also created (5) other story titled synopsises. I've let many people over the last few years read them in order for me to get a reaction from what I would consider the general public. My stories were most favorable to them. I feel that at this point I'm ready to roll on it. What is the realistic next step for me?

[kate]

how many pages does a novel have.

[Carey Clark]

I have a question--a variation on this theme. In a writing class, my instructor told me "You need more for this to be a chapter. These are scenes, but not long enough to carry a chapter." Unfortunately, I was never able to follow up with her about what she really meant by that comment. What's the rule of thumb you use for what constitutes a chapter?